福建农林大学张亮生研究团队揭示了睡莲基因组与开花植物的早期进化图谱。相关论文2019年12月18日在线发表在《自然》上。

研究人员描绘了蓝色花瓣睡莲（埃及蓝睡莲）409兆碱基的基因组序列。系统遗传学分析结果证实无油樟目和睡莲目是现存所有被子植物中仅有的相连姐妹谱系。埃及蓝睡莲基因组以及其他19个睡莲转录组结果显示Nymphaealean全基因组复制事件可能由睡莲科和莼菜科共享。该全基因组重复保留的基因中有调节开花过渡和花朵发育的基因同源物。蓝睡莲花ABCE基因同源物的广泛表达可能支持了早期被子植物花器官中同源ABCE活跃转录模型。睡莲已经进化出诱人的花香和颜色，这是与核心被子植物共有的特征，研究人员鉴定了蓝睡莲中它们的假定生物合成基因。花香背后的化合物和生物合成基因表明，它们与核心被子植物的进化是平行的。由于其处在独特的系统发育位置，蓝睡莲基因组为被子植物的早期进化提供了线索。

据介绍，睡莲属于被子植物睡莲目。无油樟目、睡莲目和木兰藤目共同构成了所谓的ANA级被子植物，是从最早谱系中分化出来的现存的谱系代表，导致现存的核心被子植物。

附：英文原文

Title: The water lily genome and the early evolution of flowering plants

Author: Liangsheng Zhang, Fei Chen, Xingtan Zhang, Zhen Li, Yiyong Zhao, Rolf Lohaus

Issue&Volume: 2019-12-18

Abstract: Water lilies belong to the angiosperm order Nymphaeales. Amborellales, Nymphaeales and Austrobaileyales together form the so-called ANA-grade of angiosperms, which are extant representatives of lineages that diverged the earliest from the lineage leading to the extant mesangiosperms13. Here we report the 409-megabase genome sequence of the blue-petal water lily (Nymphaea colorata). Our phylogenomic analyses support Amborellales and Nymphaeales as successive sister lineages to all other extant angiosperms. The N. colorata genome and 19 other water lily transcriptomes reveal a Nymphaealean whole-genome duplication event, which is shared by Nymphaeaceae and possibly Cabombaceae. Among the genes retained from this whole-genome duplication are homologues of genes that regulate flowering transition and flower development. The broad expression of homologues of floral ABCE genes in N. colorata might support a similarly broadly active ancestral ABCE model of floral organ determination in early angiosperms. Water lilies have evolved attractive floral scents and colours, which are features shared with mesangiosperms, and we identified their putative biosynthetic genes in N. colorata. The chemical compounds and biosynthetic genes behind floral scents suggest that they have evolved in parallel to those in mesangiosperms. Because of its unique phylogenetic position, the N. colorata genome sheds light on the early evolution of angiosperms. The genome of the tropical blue-petal water lily Nymphaea colorata and the transcriptomes from 19 other Nymphaeales species provide insights into the early evolution of angiosperms.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1852-5

Source:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1852-5