直播时间：2025年5月30日（周五）20:00-21:30

直播平台：

科学网APP

https://weibo.com/l/wblive/p/show/1022:2321325172009700294845

（科学网微博直播间链接）

科学网微博

科学网视频号

北京时间2025年5月30日晚八点，iCANX Talks第229期邀请到了北卡罗莱纳州立大学教授Martin Thuo，宁波诺丁汉大学助理教授Nicholas Musyoka作为主讲嘉宾，北京大学教授张海霞担任主持人。这将是一场汇聚顶尖学者的盛会，共同探讨前沿科技与学术挑战！更多精彩，敬请期待！

【嘉宾介绍】

Martin Mwangi Thuo‍

北卡州立大学

Order in Disorder, Resolving the Kauzmann Paradox

【Abstract】

Kauzmann paradox suggests existence of a supercooled liquidous state of lower entropy than corresponding solids- the entropy catastrophe. This entropy catastrophe has remained unresolved for nine decades. This paradox, often presented in 2D space can be resolved by considering an ordered/speciated phase alongside the amorphous supercooled state necessitating a violation of the Onsager-Casimir reciprocal relations, Lij ≠ Lji. This vector field asymmetry implies that solidification of deeply supercooled materials must occur far-from-equilibrium where associated dynamics and asymmetry in the surface stress tensor cannot be ignored. Applying chaos-based thermodynamics speed limits, we demonstrate that solidification of deeply undercooled core-shell particles can be explained from a four-state model resulting in a three-dimensional entropy phase diagram allowing us to avert the entropy catastrophe. Under conventional fugacity and equilibrium-based models, even in consideration of thermodynamic speed limits, the entropy catastrophe predicted by Kauzmann cannot be avoided. The new four-state model, therefore, offers a new approach through which complex (ordered and disordered) materials systems avoid the Kauzmann paradox.

Kauzmann悖论表明存在一种过冷液态，其熵低于相应固体的熵——即熵灾难。这一熵灾难在过去九十年间一直未能得到解决。这个通常在二维空间中呈现的悖论可以通过考虑有序/分类相与非晶态过冷状态并存来解决，但这需要违反Onsager-Casimir互易关系。这种矢量场的不对称性表明，深度过冷材料的固化过程必须远离平衡态，在此过程中相关的动力学和表面应力张量的不对称性不能被忽略。通过应用基于混沌理论的热力学速度极限，我们证明了深度过冷的核壳颗粒的固化过程可以通过一个四态模型来解释，从而形成一个三维熵相图，使我们能够避免熵灾难。在传统的逸度和平衡模型下，即使考虑了热力学速度极限，也无法避免Kauzmann所预测的熵灾难。因此，新的四态模型为复杂（有序和无序）材料体系避免Kauzmann悖论并提供了一种新方法。

【BIOGRAPHY】

Martin Mwangi Thuo is a Professor in the Department of Materials Science & Engineering at North Carolina State University and the deputy director, NSF-STC Center for Complex Particle Systems (COMPASS). He is a fellow of the National Academy of inventors (FNAI) and fellow of the Africa Academy of Sciences (FAAS). Previously, he was the Schafer 2050 associate professor at Iowa State University in the department of Materials Science & Engineering and in Electrical and Computer engineering. He was a Mary-Fieser (2009-2011) and NSEC (2011-2013) postdoctoral Fellow at Harvard University. He is the recipient of several awards like the ACS nano rising star, IUPAC-Polychar 2025 Viness Pillay Award for Applied Polymer Science and Technology, the Schafer 2050 professorship, Akinc excellence in research award, Lynn-Anderson research excellence award, Black & Veatch faculty fellowship, among others. He is a co-host of the ICAN-X talks and serves on the boards of various journals and professional societies. His research interests encompass the general theme of frugal innovation through simplicity and surface thermodynamics.

Martin Mwangi Thuo是北卡罗来纳州立大学材料科学与工程系的教授，并担任美国国家科学基金会科学与技术中心（COMPASS）复杂颗粒系统中心副主任，是美国国家发明家学院（FNAI）院士和非洲科学院（FAAS）院士。此前，他曾在爱荷华州立大学材料科学与工程系以及电气与计算机工程系担任Schafer 2050助理教授。还在哈佛大学担任过玛丽·菲泽（Mary-Fieser）博士后（2009-2011）和NSEC博士后（2011-2013）。Martin Mwangi Thuo获得了多项荣誉，包括美国化学会纳米新星奖、国际纯粹与应用化学联合会（IUPAC）Polychar 2025 Vinod Pillay应用高分子科学与技术奖、Schafer 2050教授职位、Akinc研究卓越奖、Lynn-Anderson研究卓越奖、Black & Veatch教员奖学金等。他是ICAN-X演讲的共同主持人，并在多个期刊和专业学会的董事会任职。

【嘉宾介绍】

Nicholas Musyoka‍

宁波诺丁汉大学

Bridging the Skills Gap: Accelerating Green Hydrogen Development in the Global South through Collaboration

【ABSTRACT】

Green hydrogen is poised to play a pivotal role in decarbonizing critical sectors of the global economy. While technological advancements and innovation across the hydrogen value chain have accelerated in recent years, adoption remains uneven. Commercial deployments are already underway in some regions, whereas others—particularly in the Global South—are still in early stages of development. Bridging this gap will require not only substantial capital investment but also a concerted effort to build technical expertise and local capacity. This talk will focus on the need for skills development in emerging green hydrogen economies, with a spotlight on progress and challenges in African countries. It will highlight the transformative potential of North-South-South collaborations in fostering knowledge transfer, workforce training, and innovation ecosystems. By strengthening these partnerships, the Global South can cultivate homegrown technological capabilities while enhancing its ability to absorb and adapt cutting-edge solutions—ultimately ensuring an inclusive and equitable energy transition.

绿色氢有望在全球经济的关键领域去碳化进程中发挥关键作用。近年来，氢能产业链的技术进步和创新不断加速，但其应用仍不均衡。在一些地区，商业部署已经展开，而另一些地区——尤其是在全球南方——仍处于发展的早期阶段。弥合这一差距不仅需要大量的资本投入，还需要共同努力培养技术专长和本地能力。本次演讲将聚焦新兴绿色氢经济中技能发展的必要性，重点关注非洲国家的进展和挑战，将强调南北南合作在促进知识转移、劳动力培训和创新生态系统方面的变革潜力。通过加强这些合作伙伴关系，全球南方可以在培养本土技术能力的同时，增强其吸收和适应尖端解决方案的能力，从而确保一个包容和公平的能源转型。

【BIOGRAPHY】

Nicholas Musyoka is an Associate Professor in Renewable Energy & Energy Storage at the University of Nottingham Ningbo China (UNNC). His research interests cut across innovations and technology developments in the Green Chemicals, Renewable Energy, and Energy Storage. Previously, he led the Hydrogen South Africa Infrastructure and Carbon Capture and Utilization (HySA & CCU) research group at South Africa’s Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). He is also an Affiliate of the African Academy of Sciences (AAS) and listed as one of South Africa’s National Research Foundation (NRF) Rated Scientists. He has won several awards, such as the Innowings Excellent Innovation Award, Future Leaders–African Independent Research (FLAIR) Fellowship and IJHE David Sanborn Scott award. From his research activities, Dr. Nicholas has authored over 93 peer-reviewed publications, 4 book chapters and holds 3 patents for innovative materials synthesis processes. Additionally, he has presented talks at important high-level international events such as the G20 International Energy Transition Working Group Meetings, Pujiang Innovation Forum, Commonwealth Science Conferences, United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) Day Conference at China (Shanghai) International Technology Fair (CSITF), China-Africa Innovation forums and also serves on the advisory board of Hydrogen-Africa as well as in the advisory committee and guest editor of several scientific journals.

Nicholas Musyoka是宁波诺丁汉大学可再生能源与能源存储专业的副教授。他的研究兴趣涉及绿色化学品、可再生能源和能源存储领域的创新和技术发展。此前，他曾在南非科学与工业研究理事会（CSIR）领导氢能南非基础设施和碳捕集与利用（HySA & CCU）研究小组。他还是非洲科学院（AAS）的附属成员，并被列为南非国家研究基金会（NRF）的评级科学家之一。他曾获得多项奖项，例如Innowings卓越创新奖、未来领导者——非洲独立研究（FLAIR）奖学金以及国际氢能杂志（IJHE）David Sanborn Scott奖。通过他的研究活动，Nicholas博士发表了超过93篇经过同行评审的出版物、4篇书籍章节，并持有3项创新材料合成工艺的专利。此外，他还曾在G20国际能源转型工作组会议、浦江创新论坛、英联邦科学会议、联合国工业发展组织（UNIDO）日会议（中国（上海）国际技术博览会）、中非创新论坛等重要国际高级别活动中发表演讲。他还在氢能非洲的咨询委员会任职，并在多个科学期刊的咨询委员会和担任客座编辑。