复旦大学彭慧胜研究团队报道了具有聚合物凝胶电解质的高性能纤维电池。相关研究成果发表在2024年4月24日出版的《自然》。

用聚合物凝胶电解质代替液体电解质被认为是，解决可穿戴电池的安全问题和实现高灵活性的通用有效方法。然而，由于润湿不足，聚合物凝胶电解质和电极之间的界面较差，导致电化学性能较差，尤其是在电池变形过程中。

该文中，研究人员报道了一种在电极中设计通道结构的策略，以结合聚合物凝胶电解质，并为高性能可穿戴电池形成紧密稳定的界面。作为演示，多个电极纤维一起旋转以形成对齐的通道，而每个电极纤维的表面都设计有网络通道。单体溶液首先沿着排列的通道有效渗透，然后进入网络通道。然后将单体聚合以产生凝胶电解质，并与电极形成紧密且稳定的界面。

所得到的纤维锂离子电池（FLB）显示出高的电化学性能（例如，约128Whkg^-1的能量密度）。这一策略还使FLBs的生产速度达到每绕组单元3600mh^-1的高速率。将连续的FLBs编织成50厘米×30厘米的纺织品，以提供2975mAh的输出能力。FLB纺织品在极端条件下安全工作，如40°C和80°C的温度以及0.08MPa的真空度。FLBs显示出在消防和太空探索方面的应用前景。

附：英文原文

Title: High-performance fibre battery with polymer gel electrolyte

Author: Lu, Chenhao, Jiang, Haibo, Cheng, Xiangran, He, Jiqing, Long, Yao, Chang, Yingfan, Gong, Xiaocheng, Zhang, Kun, Li, Jiaxin, Zhu, Zhengfeng, Wu, Jingxia, Wang, Jiajia, Zheng, Yuanyuan, Shi, Xiang, Ye, Lei, Liao, Meng, Sun, Xuemei, Wang, Bingjie, Chen, Peining, Wang, Yonggang, Peng, Huisheng

Issue&Volume: 2024-04-24

Abstract: Replacement of liquid electrolytes with polymer gel electrolytes is recognized as a general and effective way of solving safety problems and achieving high flexibility in wearable batteries1,2,3,4,5,6. However, the poor interface between polymer gel electrolyte and electrode, caused by insufficient wetting, produces much poorer electrochemical properties, especially during the deformation of the battery7,8,9. Here we report a strategy for designing channel structures in electrodes to incorporate polymer gel electrolytes and to form intimate and stable interfaces for high-performance wearable batteries. As a demonstration, multiple electrode fibres were rotated together to form aligned channels, while the surface of each electrode fibre was designed with networked channels. The monomer solution was effectively infiltrated first along the aligned channels and then into the networked channels. The monomers were then polymerized to produce a gel electrolyte and form intimate and stable interfaces with the electrodes. The resulting fibre lithium-ion battery (FLB) showed high electrochemical performances (for example, an energy density of about 128Whkg1). This strategy also enabled the production of FLBs with a high rate of 3,600mh1 per winding unit. The continuous FLBs were woven into a 50cm×30cm textile to provide an output capacity of 2,975mAh. The FLB textiles worked safely under extreme conditions, such as temperatures of 40°C and 80°C and a vacuum of 0.08MPa. The FLBs show promise for applications in firefighting and space exploration.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07343-x

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07343-x