近日，美国路易斯安那州立大学的Omar S.Magaa-Loaiza&Chenglong You及其研究团队取得一项新进展。经过不懈努力，他们揭示表面等离激元的非经典近场动力学。相关研究成果已于2024年2月29日在国际知名学术期刊《自然—物理学》上发表。

该研究团队证明了表面等离激元的经典近场动力学，是由其组成的多粒子子系统之间的非经典散射过程定义的。研究人员分离了多粒子等离子激元系统，以证明它们的量子动力学是由玻色子或费米子相干过程控制的。他们讨论了电磁场的真空涨落激发等离激元场的量子相干性。这项研究发现揭示了电磁近场的多粒子特性，对量子技术具有重要意义。

据悉，光子与金属表面的集体电荷振荡耦合形成表面等离激元极化子，使得光子纳米结构附近的电磁场受到强约束。尽管表面等离激元由玻色子和费米子共同构成，但在众多电子的极限条件下，这种近场波主要展现出玻色子的特性。

附：英文原文

Title: Nonclassical near-field dynamics of surface plasmons

Author: Hong, Mingyuan, Dawkins, Riley B., Bertoni, Benjamin, You, Chenglong, Magaa-Loaiza, Omar S.

Issue&Volume: 2024-02-29

Abstract: The coupling of photons to collective charge oscillations at the surface of a metal to form surface-plasmon polaritons enables strong confinement of electromagnetic near fields in the vicinity of photonic nanostructures. Even though surface plasmons are formed from bosons and fermions, this kind of near-field wave exhibits bosonic properties in the limit of many electrons. Here we show that the classical near-field dynamics of surface plasmons are defined by nonclassical processes of scattering among their constituent multiparticle subsystems. We isolate multiparticle plasmonic subsystems to demonstrate that their quantum dynamics are governed by either bosonic or fermionic processes of coherence. We also discuss the quantum-coherence properties of plasmonic fields excited by the vacuum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field. Our findings uncover multiparticle properties of electromagnetic near fields with important implications for quantum technology.

DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02426-y

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-024-02426-y