地壳缩短、热继承和地表过程的相互作用揭示了倒转裂谷盆地的沉降异常，这一成果由匈牙利罗兰大学éva Oravecz的研究团队经过不懈努力取得。相关论文于2024年3月12日发表于国际顶尖学术期刊《地质学》杂志上。

研究人员通过建立一系列三维地球动力学和地表耦合过程模型，探究了裂谷作用和盆地倒转的连续阶段对这些沉降异常的动力学控制，并提出了新的沉降异常演化模型。模型表明，岩石圈继承的热流变特性，影响了反演过程中初始应变的局部化和随后的熔融变形迁移。然而，垂直运动(即隆起或下沉)的方向与潜在的地壳应力模式没有直接联系；相反，它反映了收缩引起的构造隆升、继承岩石圈的裂谷后热沉降和沉积物再分布之间的平衡。

基于不同振幅和波长的竞争性差异垂直运动之间的相互作用，裂谷盆地的倒转可能导致板内造山带的生长，或者由于继承的浅层岩石圈—软流圈边界的热凹陷效应而阻碍收缩驱动的局部隆升，从而导致盆地规模的沉降。研究结果强调，在这样的盆地中，对第一个侵蚀面和其他不整合面定年可能无法为倒转的开始提供准确的时间。

据悉，断陷盆地的构造反转通常与沉积充填物的地表隆升和剥蚀有关，反映了地壳主动的收缩变形。然而，世界范围内的倒转裂谷实例表明，在盆地倒转过程中，盆地规模的沉降和广泛的沉积模式截然不同。

附：英文原文

Title: Competing effects of crustal shortening, thermal inheritance, and surface processes explain subsidence anomalies in inverted rift basins

Author: éva Oravecz, Attila Balázs, Taras Gerya, Dave A. May, László Fodor

Issue&Volume: 2024-03-12

Abstract: Structural inversion of rifted basins is generally associated with surface uplift and denudation of the sedimentary infill, reflecting the active contractional deformation in the crust. However, worldwide examples of inverted rifts show contrasting basin-scale subsidence and widespread sedimentation patterns during basin inversion. By conducting a series of three-dimensional coupled geodynamic and surface processes models, we investigated the dynamic controls on these subsidence anomalies during the successive stages of rifting and basin inversion, and we propose a new evolutionary model for this process. Our models show that the inherited thermo-rheological properties of the lithosphere influence the initial strain localization and subsequent migration of crustal deformation during inversion. The sense of the vertical movements (i.e., uplift or subsidence), however, is not directly linked to the underlying crustal stress patterns; rather, it reflects the balance among contraction-induced tectonic uplift, postrift thermal subsidence of the inherited lithosphere, and sediment redistribution. Based on the interplay among the competing differential vertical movements with different amplitudes and wavelengths, inversion of rifted basins may lead to the growth of intraplate orogens, or the contraction-driven localized uplift may be hindered by the thermal sag effects of the inherited shallow lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary, resulting in basin-scale subsidence. In such basins, dating the first erosional surfaces and other unconformities may not provide accurate timing for the onset of inversion.

DOI: 10.1130/G51971.1

Source: https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article/doi/10.1130/G51971.1/636182/Competing-effects-of-crustal-shortening-thermal