近日，美国布朗大学Christian Huber和Atsushi Toramaru揭示了在过去的500年里，日本樱岛火山浅层岩浆房的岩浆供应增加。这一研究成果于2024年1月18日发表在国际顶尖学术期刊《地质学》上。

研究人员限制了过去的五个世纪里樱岛火山岩浆供应速率的变化。热力学模型、记录的喷发历史和浮石的结构分析相结合，使研究人员能够严格限制随时间推移向次火山室供应岩浆的长期速率。具体来说，研究发现岩浆供应率在过去500年中大约增加了一个数量级，岩浆房中气泡含量也随着时间的推移而增加，这解释了在Bunmei(ca.A.D.1470)，An-ei(ca.A.D.1780)和Taisho(A.D.1914年)喷发之间喷发量的变化。

据了解，限制次火山储层的岩浆供应对于表征动荡火山和评估即将爆发的可能性至关重要。随着全球定位系统、倾斜仪和卫星干涉测量法的出现，人们已经有可能推断出在几十年的时间尺度内，岩浆向浅层储层的供应速率的变化。然而这些方法影响了研究表征火山动荡的能力，只能探测短时间内的岩浆活动。

附：英文原文

Title: Increase in magma supply to Sakurajima volcano’s (Japan) shallow magma chamber over the past 500 years

Author: Christian Huber, Atsushi Toramaru

Issue&Volume: 2024-01-18

Abstract: Constraining the magma supply to a subvolcanic reservoir is crucial to characterizing unrest and evaluating the potential for a forthcoming eruption. With the advent of GPS, tiltmeters, and satellite interferometry, it has been possible to infer changes in the supply rate of magma to shallow reservoirs over time scales of as much as decades. While these methods have impacted our ability to characterize volcanic unrest, they only probe magmatic activity over short time scales. Here, we constrain changes in magma supply rate at Sakurajima volcano (Kyushu, Japan) over the past five centuries. The combination of thermo-mechanical modeling, documented eruption history, and textural analyses of pumices allows us to tightly constrain the long-term rate of magma supply to the subvolcanic chamber through time. Specifically, we find that magma supply rate has increased by roughly an order of magnitude over the past 500 years and that the bubble content in the magma chamber has increased over time, explaining the changes in eruption volume between the Bunmei (ca. A.D. 1470), An-ei (ca. A.D. 1780), and Taisho (A.D. 1914) eruptions.

DOI: 10.1130/G51763.1

Source: https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article-abstract/doi/10.1130/G51763.1/633400/Increase-in-magma-supply-to-Sakurajima-volcano-sredirectedFrom=fulltext