美国威斯康星大学 Schug, Franz 及其团队成员在最新研究中全面分析了全球荒地-城市界面。该项研究成果发表在2023年7月19日出版的《自然》上。

研究人员使用了全球一致且经过验证的方法，基于遥感获得建筑面积和荒地植被数据集，向我们展示了分辨率为10 m 的 2020 年荒地-城市分界面的全球地图。研究人员表明，荒地-城市界面是一个全球现象，研究确定了许多以前没有记录的荒地-城市界面热点，并强调了全球荒地-城市界面不同地区的广泛的人口密度、土地覆盖类型和生物量水平。

荒地-城市界面仅占陆地面积的 4.7% ，却居住着将近一半的人口(3.5 亿)。该界面尤其广泛于欧洲(陆地面积的15%)和温带阔叶林和混交林生物群落(18%)。在所有的生活在 2003-2020 年野火附近的人(4亿)中，三分之二的人的生活在荒地-城市界面，其中大部分在非洲(1.5亿)地区。由于许多地区的气候变化，预计野火活动将会增加，因此有必要了解作为荒地-城市界面变化驱动因素的房屋增长模式和植被模式。

据了解，荒地-城市分界面(WUI)是建筑和荒地植被接壤或交叉混合的地方。这是人类与环境冲突和风险集中的地方，包括野火造成的房屋和生命损失、栖息地丧失和破碎以及动物传染病的传播，然而，人们仍然还缺乏对荒地-城市界面的全面分析。

附：英文原文

Title: The global wildland–urban interface

Author: Schug, Franz, Bar-Massada, Avi, Carlson, Amanda R., Cox, Heather, Hawbaker, Todd J., Helmers, David, Hostert, Patrick, Kaim, Dominik, Kasraee, Neda K., Martinuzzi, Sebastin, Mockrin, Miranda H., Pfoch, Kira A., Radeloff, Volker C.

Issue&Volume: 2023-07-19

Abstract: The wildland–urban interface (WUI) is where buildings and wildland vegetation meet or intermingle. It is where human–environmental conflicts and risks can be concentrated, including the loss of houses and lives to wildfire, habitat loss and fragmentation and the spread of zoonotic diseases. However, a global analysis of the WUI has been lacking. Here, we present a global map of the 2020 WUI at 10m resolution using a globally consistent and validated approach based on remote sensing-derived datasets of building area and wildland vegetation. We show that the WUI is a global phenomenon, identify many previously undocumented WUI hotspots and highlight the wide range of population density, land cover types and biomass levels in different parts of the global WUI. The WUI covers only 4.7% of the land surface but is home to nearly half its population (3.5billion). The WUI is especially widespread in Europe (15% of the land area) and the temperate broadleaf and mixed forests biome (18%). Of all people living near 2003–2020 wildfires (0.4billion), two thirds have their home in the WUI, most of them in Africa (150million). Given that wildfire activity is predicted to increase because of climate change in many regions, there is a need to understand housing growth and vegetation patterns as drivers of WUI change.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06320-0

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06320-0