澳大利亚悉尼大学 Salles, Tristan 和法国格勒诺布尔阿尔卑斯大学 Husson, Laurent 的团队，在研究景观动态和显生宙生物圈多样化关系中取得一项新突破。相关论文于2023年11月29日发表在《自然》杂志上。

该团队研究人员将气候和板块构造模型结合起来，使用数值模拟的方法重建整个显生宙的地球景观的演变，并将其与来自海洋动物和陆地植物属的古多样性数据集进行比较。研究结果表明，生物多样性强烈依赖于景观动态，这在任何时候都决定着大陆域和海洋域的承载能力。

在海洋中，多样性与为初级生产者提供营养的河流沉积通量密切相关。在陆地上，贫瘠的土壤条件阻碍了植物的扩张，直到广泛的内陆盆地重新出露于地表，沉积盖层促进了依赖土壤的根系植物群的发展，且景观多样性的增加也促进了它们的发展。

据介绍，生物圈的长期多样化是对物理环境变化而作出的响应。然而，始于显生宙的早期陆地领域中的几乎单调的生命扩张，晚于海洋领域的扩张，且海洋领域中物种的数量随着时间的推移而盛衰无常。对地球动力和气候作用力变化的综合评价，未能为地球生命的长期演化模式提供统一的理论。

附：英文原文

Title: Landscape dynamics and the Phanerozoic diversification of the biosphere

Author: Salles, Tristan, Husson, Laurent, Lorcery, Manon, Hadler Boggiani, Beatriz

Issue&Volume: 2023-11-29

Abstract: The long-term diversification of the biosphere responds to changes in the physical environment. Yet, over the continents, the nearly monotonic expansion of life started later in the early part of the Phanerozoic eon than the expansion in the marine realm, where instead the number of genera waxed and waned over time. A comprehensive evaluation of the changes in the geodynamic and climatic forcing fails to provide a unified theory for the long-term pattern of evolution of life on Earth. Here we couple climate and plate tectonics models to numerically reconstruct the evolution of the Earth’s landscape over the entire Phanerozoic eon, which we then compare to palaeo-diversity datasets from marine animal and land plant genera. Our results indicate that biodiversity is strongly reliant on landscape dynamics, which at all times determine the carrying capacity of both the continental domain and the oceanic domain. In the oceans, diversity closely adjusted to the riverine sedimentary flux that provides nutrients for primary production. On land, plant expansion was hampered by poor edaphic conditions until widespread endorheic basins resurfaced continents with a sedimentary cover that facilitated the development of soil-dependent rooted flora, and the increasing variety of the landscape additionally promoted their development.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06777-z

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06777-z