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研究揭示人类和小鼠推理背后的神经元计算
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2020/9/22 14:20:17

英国牛津大学David Dupret、Helen C. Barron等研究人员合作揭示人类和小鼠推理背后的神经元计算。相关论文于2020年9月17日在线发表于国际学术期刊《细胞》。

研究人员在人类和小鼠中使用了一种跨物种方法来报告推理决策所依据的功能解剖和神经元计算。研究人员显示,在成功的推理过程中,哺乳动物的大脑使用海马前瞻性代码来预测时间结构化的学习联想。此外,在休息行为期间,尖波/涟漪中海马细胞的共激活代表推断的关系,其中包括奖励,从而在未一起观察到的事件之间产生“联系”,但带来了有益的结果。以这种方式计算记忆联系可以提供一种重要的机制,从而建立超越直接体验的认知图谱来支持灵活的行为方式。

据介绍,人类每天做出的决策对于适应和生存至关重要。人类重复行动会产生已知的后果。但是,人类也利用不大相关的事件来推断和想象全新选择的结果。这些推论性决策被认为涉及许多大脑区域。然而,潜在的神经元计算仍然未知。

附:英文原文

Title: Neuronal Computation Underlying Inferential Reasoning in Humans and Mice

Author: Helen C. Barron, Hayley M. Reeve, Renée S. Koolschijn, Pavel V. Perestenko, Anna Shpektor, Hamed Nili, Roman Rothaermel, Natalia Campo-Urriza, Jill X. O’Reilly, David M. Bannerman, Timothy E.J. Behrens, David Dupret

Issue&Volume: 2020-09-17

Abstract: Every day we make decisions critical for adaptation and survival. We repeat actions with known consequences. But we also draw on loosely related events to infer and imagine the outcome of entirely novel choices. These inferential decisions are thought to engage a number of brain regions; however, the underlying neuronal computation remains unknown. Here, we use a multi-day cross-species approach in humans and mice to report the functional anatomy and neuronal computation underlying inferential decisions. We show that during successful inference, the mammalian brain uses a hippocampal prospective code to forecast temporally structured learned associations. Moreover, during resting behavior, coactivation of hippocampal cells in sharp-wave/ripples represent inferred relationships that include reward, thereby “joining-the-dots” between events that have not been observed together but lead to profitable outcomes. Computing mnemonic links in this manner may provide an important mechanism to build a cognitive map that stretches beyond direct experience, thus supporting flexible behavior.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.035

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)31077-1

期刊信息
Cell:《细胞》,创刊于1974年。隶属于细胞出版社,最新IF:36.216
官方网址:https://www.cell.com/