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媒体自杀报道与民众自杀的相关性
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2020/3/29 22:59:33

奥地利维也纳医科大学Thomas Niederkrotenthaler研究小组近日取得一项新成果。他们分析了媒体自杀报道和民众自杀之间的关系。2020年3月18日,《英国医学杂志》发表了这一成果。

为了探讨自杀报道,尤其是名人自杀身亡与随后普通大众自杀之间的关系,研究组对PubMed、Medline等大型数据库中截至2019年9月的相关文献进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析。

研究组共鉴定和分析了31项研究,包括20项具有中等偏倚风险的研究。在媒体报道名人自杀身亡之后,民众的自杀风险增加了13%。当报道名人的自杀方式时,通过相同方式自杀的人数增加了30%。

对于普通自杀报道,每篇文章中民众自杀的增加比率为1.002。各研究异质性很大,部分原因是名人和方法论因素。增强的漏斗图表明文献中存在一些发表偏倚。

总之,报道名人自杀身亡似乎增加了普通民众的自杀总数,且更多人使用相同方式来自杀。但普通自杀报告与民众自杀总数无关。媒体在报道自杀事件,尤其是名人自杀事件时应谨慎负责,避免产生有害影响。

附:英文原文

Title: Association between suicide reporting in the media and suicide: systematic review and meta-analysis

Author: Thomas Niederkrotenthaler, Marlies Braun, Jane Pirkis, Benedikt Till, Steven Stack, Mark Sinyor, Ulrich S Tran, Martin Voracek, Qijin Cheng, Florian Arendt, Sebastian Scherr, Paul S F Yip, Matthew J Spittal

Issue&Volume: 2020/03/18

Abstract: AbstractObjective To examine the association between reporting on suicides, especially deaths of celebrities by suicide, and subsequent suicides in the general population.Design Systematic review and meta-analysis.Data sources PubMed/Medline, PsychInfo, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar, searched up to September 2019.Review methods Studies were included if they compared at least one time point before and one time point after media reports on suicide; follow-up was two months or less; the outcome was death by suicide; and the media reports were about non-fictional suicides. Data from studies adopting an interrupted time series design, or single or multiple arm before and after comparisons, were reviewed.Results 31 studies were identified and analysed, and 20 studies at moderate risk of bias were included in the main analyses. The risk of suicide increased by 13% in the period after the media reported a death of a celebrity by suicide (rate ratio 1.13, 95% confidence interval 1.08 to 1.18; 14 studies; median follow-up 28 days, range 7-60 days). When the suicide method used by the celebrity was reported, there was an associated 30% increase in deaths by the same method (rate ratio 1.30, 95% confidence interval 1.18 to 1.44; 11 studies; median follow-up 28 days, range 14-60 days). For general reporting of suicide, the rate ratio was 1.002 (0.997 to 1.008; five studies; median follow-up 1 day, range 1-8 days) for a one article increase in the number of reports on suicide. Heterogeneity was large and partially explained by celebrity and methodological factors. Enhanced funnel plots suggested some publication bias in the literature.Conclusions Reporting of deaths of celebrities by suicide appears to have made a meaningful impact on total suicides in the general population. The effect was larger for increases by the same method as used by the celebrity. General reporting of suicide did not appear to be associated with suicide although associations for certain types of reporting cannot be excluded. The best available intervention at the population level to deal with the harmful effects of media reports is guidelines for responsible reporting. These guidelines should be more widely implemented and promoted, especially when reporting on deaths of celebrities by suicide.

DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m575

Source: https://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m575

期刊信息

BMJ-British Medical Journal:《英国医学杂志》,创刊于1840年。隶属于BMJ出版集团,最新IF:27.604
官方网址:http://www.bmj.com/
投稿链接:https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/bmj