中国科学院脑科学与智能技术卓越中心刘冰、蒋田仔等研究人员合作鉴定出精神分裂症纹状体功能障碍的神经影像生物标志物。2020年3月23日，《自然-医学》杂志在线发表了这项成果。

研究人员发现了一种新的神经影像生物标记物，可用于功能性纹状体异常（FSA）相关精神分裂症的识别、预后和亚型分型。FSA评分提供了纹状体功能障碍的个性化指标，范围从正常到高度病理。通过对从七个独立扫描仪获得的功能性磁共振图像（n = 1100）进行站间交叉验证，FSA将患有精神分裂症的患者与健康对照区分开来，其准确性超过80％（敏感性为79.3％；特异性为81.5％）。在两个纵向研究中，基线FSA评分的个体间差异与抗精神病药物治疗反应显著相关。

FSA揭示了神经精神疾病纹状体功能障碍的严重程度，其中精神分裂症的功能障碍最为严重，双相情感障碍的症状较轻，抑郁症、强迫症和注意力缺陷多动障碍与健康个体则没有区别。纹状体过度活跃的位点概括了多巴胺能功能的空间分布和精神分裂症多基因风险的表达谱。总之，他们发现了一种新的生物标志物来鉴别纹状体功能障碍，并建立了其在预测神经精神疾病中的抗精神病药物治疗反应、临床分层以及阐明纹状体功能障碍中的用途。

据悉，越来越多的证据表明，精神分裂症中纹状体的功能和连通性受到破坏。

附：英文原文

Title: A neuroimaging biomarker for striatal dysfunction in schizophrenia

Author: Ang Li, Andrew Zalesky, Weihua Yue, Oliver Howes, Hao Yan, Yong Liu, Lingzhong Fan, Kirstie J Whitaker, Kaibin Xu, Guangxiang Rao, Jin Li, Shu Liu, Meng Wang, Yuqing Sun, Ming Song, Peng Li, Jun Chen, Yunchun Chen, Huaning Wang, Wenming Liu, Zhigang Li, Yongfeng Yang, Hua Guo, Ping Wan, Luxian Lv, Lin Lu, Jun Yan, Yuqing Song, Huiling Wang, Hongxing Zhang, Huawang Wu, Yuping Ning, Yuhui Du, Yuqi Cheng, Jian Xu, Xiufeng Xu, Dai Zhang, Xiaoqun Wang, Tianzi Jiang, Bing Liu

Issue&Volume: 2020-03-23

Abstract: Mounting evidence suggests that function and connectivity of the striatum is disrupted in schizophrenia1,2,3,4,5. We have developed a new hypothesis-driven neuroimaging biomarker for schizophrenia identification, prognosis and subtyping based on functional striatal abnormalities (FSA). FSA scores provide a personalized index of striatal dysfunction, ranging from normal to highly pathological. Using inter-site cross-validation on functional magnetic resonance images acquired from seven independent scanners (n=1,100), FSA distinguished individuals with schizophrenia from healthy controls with an accuracy exceeding 80% (sensitivity, 79.3%; specificity, 81.5%). In two longitudinal cohorts, inter-individual variation in baseline FSA scores was significantly associated with antipsychotic treatment response. FSA revealed a spectrum of severity in striatal dysfunction across neuropsychiatric disorders, where dysfunction was most severe in schizophrenia, milder in bipolar disorder, and indistinguishable from healthy individuals in depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Loci of striatal hyperactivity recapitulated the spatial distribution of dopaminergic function and the expression profiles of polygenic risk for schizophrenia. In conclusion, we have developed a new biomarker to index striatal dysfunction and established its utility in predicting antipsychotic treatment response, clinical stratification and elucidating striatal dysfunction in neuropsychiatric disorders.

DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-0793-8

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0793-8