英国威康桑格研究所Sarah A. Teichmann和Kylie R. James研究团队合作发现人类结肠中不同的微生物和免疫龛。这一研究成果于2020年2月17日发表在国际学术期刊《自然-免疫学》上。

研究人员同时评估了健康、成年人类结肠中微生物群和单个免疫细胞，并与肠系膜淋巴结中免疫细胞的特征相比较，以描绘稳定状态下结肠的免疫龛。研究人员揭示了沿结肠不同的辅助性T细胞活化和迁移谱，并描绘了淋巴组织与结肠之间调节性T细胞的转录适应轨迹。

最后，研究发现了从盲肠到乙状结肠B细胞的积累、克隆扩增和突变频率增加，并将其与活性细菌种类的增加联系起来。

据了解，胃肠道微生物群与免疫细胞相互作用，并具有区域特异性。然而，人们对不同器官中这种区域特异性知之甚少。

附：英文原文

Title: Distinct microbial and immune niches of the human colon

Author: Kylie R. James, Tomas Gomes, Rasa Elmentaite, Nitin Kumar, Emily L. Gulliver, Hamish W. King, Mark D. Stares, Bethany R. Bareham, John R. Ferdinand, Velislava N. Petrova, Krzysztof Polaski, Samuel C. Forster, Lorna B. Jarvis, Ondrej Suchanek, Sarah Howlett, Louisa K. James, Joanne L. Jones, Kerstin B. Meyer, Menna R. Clatworthy, Kourosh Saeb-Parsy, Trevor D. Lawley, Sarah A. Teichmann

Issue&Volume: 2020-02-17

Abstract: Gastrointestinal microbiota and immune cells interact closely and display regional specificity; however, little is known about how these communities differ with location. Here, we simultaneously assess microbiota and single immune cells across the healthy, adult human colon, with paired characterization of immune cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes, to delineate colonic immune niches at steady state. We describe distinct helper T cell activation and migration profiles along the colon and characterize the transcriptional adaptation trajectory of regulatory T cells between lymphoid tissue and colon. Finally, we show increasing B cell accumulation, clonal expansion and mutational frequency from the cecum to the sigmoid colon and link this to the increasing number of reactive bacterial species.

DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-0602-z

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41590-020-0602-z