美国洛克菲勒大学Michel C. Nussenzweig小组在研究中取得进展。他们的研究发现抗体亲和力决定记忆和生发中心(GC)B细胞命运的选择。相关论文在线发表在2020年10月29日出版的《细胞》杂志上。

研究人员利用谱系示踪和单个B细胞克隆抗体相结合的方法，检测了亲和力在B细胞选择进入生发中心或进入HIV-1抗原免疫小鼠的记忆B细胞区室中的作用。研究发现，同时生成的记忆和GC B细胞在整个免疫反应中对抗原的亲和力不同。GC及其前体细胞具有强抗原结合能力，而记忆B细胞则没有。

因此，多克隆记忆B细胞区室是由在免疫反应期间被激活但其抗原结合亲和力无法支持GC中进一步克隆扩展的B细胞组成。

据悉，免疫记忆是防止反复感染所必需的，并且是所有有效疫苗起作用的基础。记忆B细胞产生的抗体在许多此类反应中起着至关重要的作用。

附：英文原文

Title: Antibody Affinity Shapes the Choice between Memory and Germinal Center B Cell Fates

Author: Charlotte Viant, Georg H.J. Weymar, Amelia Escolano, Spencer Chen, Harald Hartweger, Melissa Cipolla, Anna Gazumyan, Michel C. Nussenzweig

Issue&Volume: 2020-10-29

Abstract: Immunological memory is required for protection against repeated infections and isthe basis of all effective vaccines. Antibodies produced by memory B cells play anessential role in many of these responses. We have combined lineage tracing with antibodycloning from single B cells to examine the role of affinity in B cell selection intogerminal centers (GCs) and the memory B cell compartment in mice immunized with anHIV-1 antigen. We find that contemporaneously developing memory and GC B cells differin their affinity for antigen throughout the immune response. Whereas GC cells andtheir precursors are enriched in antigen binding, memory B cells are not. Thus, thepolyclonal memory B cell compartment is composed of B cells that were activated duringthe immune response but whose antigen binding affinity failed to support further clonal expansion in the GC.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.09.063

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)31304-0