巴西里约热内卢天主教大学Bernardo B. N. Strassburg课题组的最新研究，提出了恢复全球生态系统的优先领域。这一研究成果在线发表在2020年10月14日的《自然》上。

研究人员开发并应用了一种多准则优化方法，该方法可以确定所有陆地生物群落恢复的优先次序，并估算其收益和成本。研究发现，在优先地区恢复15％的转化土地可以避免预期60％的生物灭绝，同时减少299千兆吨的二氧化碳，这占据自工业革命以来大气中二氧化碳增加总量的30％。其中的几个生物群落是实现多重利益的关键。使用该多准则方法优化空间分配，成本效益可以提高13倍，这突出了空间规划的重要性。

该研究结果证实了恢复次序对解决全球挑战的巨大潜在贡献，同时强调了协同实现这些目标的必要性。

据了解，恢复生态系统越来越被认为是保护生物多样性和地球气候稳定的核心。尽管已经设定了雄伟的国家和全球目标，但尚未确定造成收益和成本空间差异的恢复优先领域。

附：英文原文

Title: Global priority areas for ecosystem restoration

Author: Bernardo B. N. Strassburg, Alvaro Iribarrem, Hawthorne L. Beyer, Carlos Leandro Cordeiro, Renato Crouzeilles, Catarina C. Jakovac, Andr Braga Junqueira, Eduardo Lacerda, Agnieszka E. Latawiec, Andrew Balmford, Thomas M. Brooks, Stuart H. M. Butchart, Robin L. Chazdon, Karl-Heinz Erb, Pedro Brancalion, Graeme Buchanan, David Cooper, Sandra Daz, Paul F. Donald, Valerie Kapos, David Leclre, Lera Miles, Michael Obersteiner, Christoph Plutzar, Carlos Alberto de M. Scaramuzza, Fabio R. Scarano, Piero Visconti

Issue&Volume: 2020-10-14

Abstract: Extensive ecosystem restoration is increasingly seen as being central to conserving biodiversity1 and stabilizing the climate of the Earth2. Although ambitious national and global targets have been set, global priority areas that account for spatial variation in benefits and costs have yet to be identified. Here we develop and apply a multicriteria optimization approach that identifies priority areas for restoration across all terrestrial biomes, and estimates their benefits and costs. We find that restoring 15% of converted lands in priority areas could avoid 60% of expected extinctions while sequestering 299 gigatonnes of CO2—30% of the total CO2 increase in the atmosphere since the Industrial Revolution. The inclusion of several biomes is key to achieving multiple benefits. Cost effectiveness can increase up to 13-fold when spatial allocation is optimized using our multicriteria approach, which highlights the importance of spatial planning. Our results confirm the vast potential contributions of restoration to addressing global challenges, while underscoring the necessity of pursuing these goals synergistically.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2784-9

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2784-9