首都儿科研究所袁静研究员、中国科学院武汉病毒研究所刘翟研究员和军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所杨瑞馥研究员等人合作发现非酒精性脂肪肝疾病（NAFLD）可由由肠道细菌引起。相关论文2019年9月19日在线发表于国际学术期刊《细胞—代谢》。

研究人员发现高产乙醇肺炎克雷伯菌（HiAlc Kpn）与中国队列中高达60％患有NAFLD的个体相关。通过口腔管饲将HiAlc Kpn的临床分离株转移到小鼠体内，诱导了NAFLD。同样，使用含有HiAlc-Kpn菌株的微生物菌群，将粪便微生物菌群移植（FMT）移植到小鼠中，该菌群是从NASH诱导的NAFLD个体中分离出来的。但是，在FMT之前选择性消除HiAlc Kpn株可防止受体小鼠出现NAFLD。

这些结果表明，至少在某些NAFLD病例中，肠道微生物组的改变会由于内源性酒精产量过高而导致疾病。

据了解，NAFLD的潜在病因被认为是多种多样的。肠道微生物群的变化已得到研究，并被认为至少导致了某些疾病，尽管其因果关系尚不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Fatty Liver Disease Caused by High-Alcohol-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae

Author: Jing Yuan 13, 14

Chen Chen 13,Jinghua Cui 13,Jing Lu 13,Chao Yan 13,Xiao Wei,Xiangna Zhao,NanNan Li,Shaoli Li,Guanhua Xue,Weiwei Cheng,Boxing Li,Huan Li,Weishi Lin,Changyu Tian,Jiangtao Zhao,Juqiang Han,Daizhi An,Qiong Zhang,Hong Wei
Minghua Zheng,Xuejun Ma,Wei Li,Xiao Chen,Zheng Zhang,Hui Zeng,Sun Ying,JianXin Wu,Ruifu Yang,Di Liu

Issue&Volume: 19 September 2019

Summary: 

The underlying etiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is believed to be quite varied. Changes in the gut microbiota have been investigated and are believed to contribute to at least some cases of the disease, though a causal relationship remains unclear. Here, we show that high-alcohol-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (HiAlc Kpn) is associated with up to 60% of individuals with NAFLD in a Chinese cohort. Transfer of clinical isolates of HiAlc Kpn by oral gavage into mice induced NAFLD. Likewise, fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) into mice using a HiAlc-Kpn-strain-containing microbiota isolated from an individual with NASH induced NAFLD. However, selective elimination of the HiAlc Kpn strain before FMT prevented NAFLD in the recipient mice. These results suggest that at least in some cases of NAFLD an alteration in the gut microbiome drives the condition due to excess endogenous alcohol production.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.08.018

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(19)30447-4