近日，德国杜塞尔多夫大学Gerald I. Shulman与美国耶鲁医学院Gerald I. Shulman合作概述了2型糖尿病的整合生物学。相关综述论文2019年12月4日发表在《自然》上。

研究人员表示，肥胖和2型糖尿病是最常见的代谢紊乱，但其病因仍不清楚。胰岛素抵抗是常见的潜在异常，归因于能量摄取和消耗之间的不平衡，其最大限度地利用能量并保持对大脑的充足底物供应。最初，白色脂肪组织和循环代谢产物的功能异常会调节组织通讯和胰岛素信号传导。但是，当能量失衡是慢性时，诸如炎症途径等机制会加速这些异常。

研究人员总结了最近的研究，这些研究提供了与肥胖症和2型糖尿病相关的胰岛素抵抗和肝糖异生增加的认知，并着重介绍来自人类和相关动物模型的数据。

附：英文原文

Title: The integrative biology of type 2 diabetes

Author: Michael Roden, Gerald I. Shulman

Issue&Volume: 2019-12-04

Abstract: Obesity and type 2 diabetes are the most frequent metabolic disorders, but their causes remain largely unclear. Insulin resistance, the common underlying abnormality, results from imbalance between energy intake and expenditure favouring nutrient-storage pathways, which evolved to maximize energy utilization and preserve adequate substrate supply to the brain. Initially, dysfunction of white adipose tissue and circulating metabolites modulate tissue communication and insulin signalling. However, when the energy imbalance is chronic, mechanisms such as inflammatory pathways accelerate these abnormalities. Here we summarize recent studies providing insights into insulin resistance and increased hepatic gluconeogenesis associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes, focusing on data from humans and relevant animal models. A Review of studies into insulin resistance and hepatic gluconeogenesis associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1797-8

Source:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1797-8