荷兰鹿特丹伊拉斯谟大学医学中心Naveed Sattar研究小组的一项最新研究分析了非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）与急性心肌梗死（AMI）和卒中的发病风险的相关性。相关论文2019年10月8日在线发表于《英国医学杂志》。

研究组搜集了2015年12月31日前四个欧洲国家基于人口的电子基础卫生数据库，其中意大利1542672人，荷兰2225925人，西班牙5488397人，英国12695046人。对120795名确诊为NAFLD或非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）的患者平均随访了2.1-5.5年。

在校正年龄和吸烟因素后，与匹配的对照组相比，NAFLD或NASH患者的AMI风险比为1.17，卒中的综合风险比为1.18。而在风险因素数据更为完整的组别中，在校正收缩压、2型糖尿病、总胆固醇水平、他汀类药物使用和高血压等因素后，NAFLD或NASH患者的AMI的风险比为1.01，卒中的风险比为1.04。

总之，对1770万例患者进行常规护理，在排除心血管危险因素后，NAFLD的诊断与AMI或卒中风险无关。NAFLD患者的成人心血管风险评估很重要，但无需以特殊方式进行。

附：英文原文

Title: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of incident acute myocardial infarction and stroke: findings from matched cohort study of 18 million European adults

Author: Myriam Alexander, A Katrina Loomis, Johan van der Lei, Talita Duarte-Salles, Daniel Prieto-Alhambra, David Ansell, Alessandro Pasqua, Francesco Lapi, Peter Rijnbeek, Mees Mosseveld, Paul Avillach, Peter Egger, Nafeesa N Dhalwani, Stuart Kendrick, Carlos Celis-Morales, Dawn M Waterworth, William Alazawi, Naveed Sattar

Issue&Volume: 2019/10/08

Abstract: 

Objective To estimate the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or stroke in adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).

Design Matched cohort study.

Setting Population based, electronic primary healthcare databases before 31 December 2015 from four European countries: Italy (n=1 542 672), Netherlands (n=2 225 925), Spain (n=5 488 397), and UK (n=12 695 046).

Participants 120 795 adults with a recorded diagnosis of NAFLD or NASH and no other liver diseases, matched at time of NAFLD diagnosis (index date) by age, sex, practice site, and visit, recorded at six months before or after the date of diagnosis, with up to 100 patients without NAFLD or NASH in the same database.

Main outcome measures Primary outcome was incident fatal or non-fatal AMI and ischaemic or unspecified stroke. Hazard ratios were estimated using Cox models and pooled across databases by random effect meta-analyses.

Results 120 795 patients with recorded NAFLD or NASH diagnoses were identified with mean follow-up 2.1-5.5 years. After adjustment for age and smoking the pooled hazard ratio for AMI was 1.17 (95% confidence interval 1.05 to 1.30; 1035 events in participants with NAFLD or NASH, 67 823 in matched controls). In a group with more complete data on risk factors (86 098 NAFLD and 4 664 988 matched controls), the hazard ratio for AMI after adjustment for systolic blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, total cholesterol level, statin use, and hypertension was 1.01 (0.91 to 1.12; 747 events in participants with NAFLD or NASH, 37 462 in matched controls). After adjustment for age and smoking status the pooled hazard ratio for stroke was 1.18 (1.11 to 1.24; 2187 events in participants with NAFLD or NASH, 134 001 in matched controls). In the group with more complete data on risk factors, the hazard ratio for stroke was 1.04 (0.99 to 1.09; 1666 events in participants with NAFLD, 83 882 in matched controls) after further adjustment for type 2 diabetes, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol level, statin use, and hypertension.

Conclusions The diagnosis of NAFLD in current routine care of 17.7 million patient appears not to be associated with AMI or stroke risk after adjustment for established cardiovascular risk factors. Cardiovascular risk assessment in adults with a diagnosis of NAFLD is important but should be done in the same way as for the general population.

DOI: 10.1136/bmj.l5367

Source: https://www.bmj.com/content/367/bmj.l5367