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标题：Two-step quantum direct communication protocol using the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pair block
来源：《物理评论A》2003年68卷第4期，文章编码：042317
作者：清华大学物理系 量子信息与测量重点实验室 Fu-Guo Deng（邓富国）, Xiao-Shu Liu（刘晓曙）
清华大学物理系 量子信息与测量重点实验室、清华大学原子与分子纳米科学中心、中科院理论物理研究所 Gui-Lu Long（龙桂鲁）
Research Fronts: QUANTUM SECURE DIRECT COMMUNICATION; DETERMINISTIC SECURE DIRECT COMMUNICATION USING ENTANGLEMENT; TWO-STEP QUANTUM DIRECT COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL; EFFICIENT SYMMETRIC MULTIPARTY QUANTUM STATE SHARING; SECURE DIRECT COMMUNICATION BASED
领域：物理学
摘要：A protocol for quantum secure direct communication using blocks of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs is proposed. A set of ordered N EPR pairs is used as a data block for sending secret message directly. The ordered N EPR set is divided into two particle sequences, a checking sequence and a message-coding sequence. After transmitting the checking sequence, the two parties of communication check eavesdropping by measuring a fraction of particles randomly chosen, with random choice of two sets of measuring bases. After insuring the security of the quantum channel, the sender Alice encodes the secret message directly on the message-coding sequence and sends them to Bob. By combining the checking and message-coding sequences together, Bob is able to read out the encoded messages directly. The scheme is secure because an eavesdropper cannot get both sequences simultaneously. We also discuss issues in a noisy channel.
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