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胎儿颅骨的生长轨迹与2岁时的生长和神经发育有关
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2021/3/21 22:07:49

英国牛津大学José Villar等研究人员合作发现,胎儿颅骨的生长轨迹与2岁时的生长和神经发育有关。2021年3月18日,国际知名学术期刊《自然—医学》在线发表了这一成果。

在2012年至2019年期间全球六个地点进行的一项队列研究的孕妇(n=3,598)中,研究人员揭示了超声妊娠胎儿颅骨生长轨迹之间的相关性,这些胎龄是从妊娠14周以纵向测量的,与国际标准有关,并且成长和神经发育到2岁。

研究人员确定了与特定的神经发育、行为、视觉和生长结果相关的五种轨迹,这些轨迹独立于出生和年龄2岁时的胎儿腹部生长、产后发病率和人体测量学指标。这些轨迹在20-25周的胎龄范围内发生了变化。根据镜像(正/负)模式与2岁时的大脑发育相关,主要集中在认知、语言和视觉技能的成熟上。

进一步的研究应探讨在妊娠20至25周出现增长差异之前的关键机会窗口之前,预防性干预怀孕的可能性,进而改善婴儿的神经发育结果。

据了解,许多观察性研究和一些随机试验表明,环境侵害(例如,产妇感染)和预防性干预措施(例如,补充多种微量营养素)会如何影响胎儿的生长,而这种干预措施可能对健康、生长、神经发育产生长期影响,甚至成年后的受教育程度和收入。

附:英文原文

Title: Fetal cranial growth trajectories are associated with growth and neurodevelopment at 2 years of age: INTERBIO-21st Fetal Study

Author: Jos Villar, Robert B. Gunier, Chrystelle O. O. Tshivuila-Matala, Stephen A. Rauch, Francois Nosten, Roseline Ochieng, Mara C. Restrepo-Mndez, Rose McGready, Fernando C. Barros, Michelle Fernandes, Verena I. Carrara, Cesar G. Victora, Shama Munim, Rachel Craik, Hellen C. Barsosio, Maria Carvalho, James A. Berkley, Leila Cheikh Ismail, Shane A. Norris, Eric O. Ohuma, Alan Stein, Ann Lambert, Adele Winsey, Ricardo Uauy, Brenda Eskenazi, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Aris T. Papageorghiou, Stephen H. Kennedy

Issue&Volume: 2021-03-18

Abstract: Many observational studies and some randomized trials demonstrate how fetal growth can be influenced by environmental insults (for example, maternal infections)1 and preventive interventions (for example, multiple-micronutrient supplementation)2 that can have a long-lasting effect on health, growth, neurodevelopment and even educational attainment and income in adulthood3. In a cohort of pregnant women (n=3,598), followed-up between 2012 and 2019 at six sites worldwide4, we studied the associations between ultrasound-derived fetal cranial growth trajectories, measured longitudinally from <14 weeks’ gestation, against international standards5,6, and growth and neurodevelopment up to 2 years of age7,8. We identified five trajectories associated with specific neurodevelopmental, behavioral, visual and growth outcomes, independent of fetal abdominal growth, postnatal morbidity and anthropometric measures at birth and age 2. The trajectories, which changed within a 20–25-week gestational age window, were associated with brain development at 2 years of age according to a mirror (positive/negative) pattern, mostly focused on maturation of cognitive, language and visual skills. Further research should explore the potential for preventive interventions in pregnancy to improve infant neurodevelopmental outcomes before the critical window of opportunity that precedes the divergence of growth at 20–25 weeks’ gestation.

DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01280-2

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-021-01280-2

期刊信息

Nature Medicine:《自然—医学》,创刊于1995年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:30.641
官方网址:https://www.nature.com/nm/
投稿链接:https://mts-nmed.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex