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新性别影响基因可用于控制冈比亚按蚊数量
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2020/5/13 12:21:52

英国伦敦帝国学院Andrea Crisanti课题组发现新的性别影响基因可用于控制冈比亚按蚊数量。这一研究成果于2020年5月11日在线发表在《自然—生物技术》上。

研究人员报告了人类疟疾媒介冈比亚按蚊中的雄性偏向畸变基因驱动因子(SDGD)。通过基于CRSPR的遗传操作,研究人员诱导了切碎X-染色体的I-PpoI核酸酶的超孟德尔遗传。在入侵动力学模型中,研究人员预计SDGD对雌性蚊子种群的影响要比以前靶向雌性生育能力的基因驱动因子更为迅速。dsx基因座处的SDGD产生了只有雄性的种群,并且出现种群崩溃且没有耐药性选择。这些结果表明,SDGD可用于疟疾媒介的操控。

据了解,只有雌性昆虫传播疾病,例如疟疾、登革热和寨卡病毒。因此,长期以来科学家们一直在寻找能使昆虫后代的性别比例产生偏差的操控方法。诸如性染色体驱动因子之类的遗传元件会改变性别比例,从而产生导致崩溃的单一性别种群,但潜在的分子机制尚不清楚。

附:英文原文

Title: A male-biased sex-distorter gene drive for the human malaria vector Anopheles gambiae

Author: Alekos Simoni, Andrew M. Hammond, Andrea K. Beaghton, Roberto Galizi, Chrysanthi Taxiarchi, Kyros Kyrou, Dario Meacci, Matthew Gribble, Giulia Morselli, Austin Burt, Tony Nolan, Andrea Crisanti

Issue&Volume: 2020-05-11

Abstract: Only female insects transmit diseases such as malaria, dengue and Zika; therefore, control methods that bias the sex ratio of insect offspring have long been sought. Genetic elements such as sex-chromosome drives can distort sex ratios to produce unisex populations that eventually collapse, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. We report a male-biased sex-distorter gene drive (SDGD) in the human malaria vector Anopheles gambiae. We induced super-Mendelian inheritance of the X-chromosome-shredding I-PpoI nuclease by coupling this to a CRISPR-based gene drive inserted into a conserved sequence of the doublesex (dsx) gene. In modeling of invasion dynamics, SDGD was predicted to have a quicker impact on female mosquito populations than previously developed gene drives targeting female fertility. The SDGD at the dsx locus led to a male-only population from a 2.5% starting allelic frequency in 10–14 generations, with population collapse and no selection for resistance. Our results support the use of SDGD for malaria vector control.

DOI: 10.1038/s41587-020-0508-1

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-020-0508-1

期刊信息

Nature Biotechnology:《自然—生物技术》,创刊于1996年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:31.864
官方网址:https://www.nature.com/nbt/
投稿链接:https://mts-nbt.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex