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科学家利用体外胚胎培养解析灵长类发育过程
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2019/11/1 10:18:09

昆明理工大学谭韬、季维智、牛昱宇与美国索尔克生物研究所Juan Carlos Izpisúa Belmonte等研究人员合作,利用长时间体外胚胎培养技术,解析了灵长类动物胚胎着床后的早期发育过程。2019年10月31日,《科学》在线发表了这一成果。

研究人员建立了一个培养系统,能够在长达20天的时间内在体外发育食蟹猴的胚胎。培养的胚胎经历了重要的灵长类动物发育阶段,包括谱系分离、双层盘形成、羊膜和卵黄囊空化以及原始生殖细胞样细胞(PGCLC)分化。单细胞RNA测序分析揭示了原始内胚层、滋养外胚层、表皮细胞谱系和PGCLC的发育轨迹。通过分析单细胞染色质可及性,研究人员鉴定出每个细胞类型分化所需的转录因子。这些结果揭示了在着床后早期与人类发育可能相关的关键发育事件以及非人类灵长类动物胚胎发生的潜在复杂分子机制。

据介绍,在哺乳动物中,着床前到原肠胚形成的转变需要将谱系前体细胞的分化和组织安排为身体发育计划。技术和道德挑战限制了对这种转变背后的细胞和分子机制的了解。

附:英文原文
 
Title:Dissecting primate early post-implantation development using long-term in vitro embryo culture
 
Author: Yuyu Niu1,*,†, Nianqin Sun1,†, Chang Li1,†, Ying Lei2,3,†, Zhihao Huang2,3, Jun Wu4,5,7, Chenyang Si1, Xi Dai2,3, Chuanyu Liu2,3, Jingkuan Wei1, Longqi Liu2,3, Su Feng10, Yu Kang1, Wei Si1, Hong Wang1, E Zhang1, Lu Zhao1, Ziwei Li1, Xi Luo6, Guizhong Cui9, Guangdun Peng6,9, Juan Carlos Izpisúa Belmonte7,*, Weizhi Ji1,8,*, Tao Tan1,*
 
Issue&Volume:31 Oct 2019
 
Abstract: The transition from peri-implantation to gastrulation in mammals entails the specification and organization of the lineage progenitors into a body plan. Technical and ethical challenges have limited understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this transition. Here, we established a culture system that enabled the development of cynomolgus monkey embryos in vitro for up to 20 days. Cultured embryos underwent key primate developmental stages, including lineage segregation, bi-laminar disc formation, amniotic and yolk sac cavitation, and primordial germ cell-like cell (PGCLC) differentiation. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed development trajectories of primitive endoderm, trophectoderm, epiblast lineages, and PGCLCs. Analyzing single-cell chromatin accessibility identified transcription factors specifying each cell type. Our results reveal critical developmental events and complex molecular mechanisms underlying non-human primate embryogenesis in the early post-implantation period with possible relevance to human development.
 
DOI:10.1126/science.aaw5754

Source:https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2019/10/31/science.aaw5754

期刊信息
Science:《科学》,创刊于1880年。隶属于美国科学促进会,最新IF:41.037