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反向基因组学助力未知细菌鉴定
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2019/10/1 22:41:56

美国橡树岭国家实验室的Mircea Podar研究团队取得一项新进展。他们利用反向基因组学对未经培养的细菌进行定向分离和培养。这一研究成果于2019年9月30日在线发表于国际学术期刊《自然—生物技术》。

研究人员报告了一种使用基因组信息抗体工程技术从复杂群落中捕获特定微生物的方法。研究人员应用该反向基因组学方法来分离单细胞并对其进行测序,并培养了人类口腔Saccharibacteria菌门(TM7)的三种不同物种。使用该培养方式,研究人员证明这三个Saccharibacteria物种都是放线菌门下不同的表皮寄生物。研究人员还分离和培养人类口腔SR1细菌,它们是先前未培养细菌谱系的成员。这些结果表明逆向基因组学的微生物培养可应用于任何环境中的任何物种,并有可能解决对尚未培养微生物生命树分支中物种的分离、培养和表征。

据悉,来自所有分类学水平的大多数微生物是未经培养的。单细胞基因组和元基因组持续增加细菌和古细菌的已知多样性。然而,尽管组学技术可以用来推断生态系统中物种的生理或生态作用,但大多数的这些假设作用尚未得到验证。

附:英文原文

Title: Targeted isolation and cultivation of uncultivated bacteria by reverse genomics

Author: Karissa L. Cross, James H. Campbell, Manasi Balachandran, Alisha G. Campbell, Sarah J. Cooper, Ann Griffen, Matthew Heaton, Snehal Joshi, Dawn Klingeman, Eugene Leys, Zamin Yang, Jerry M. Parks, Mircea Podar

Issue&Volume: 2019-09-30

Abstract: Most microorganisms from all taxonomic levels are uncultured. Single-cell genomes and metagenomes continue to increase the known diversity of Bacteria and Archaea; however, while omics can be used to infer physiological or ecological roles for species in a community, most of these hypothetical roles remain unvalidated. Here, we report an approach to capture specific microorganisms from complex communities into pure cultures using genome-informed antibody engineering. We apply our reverse genomics approach to isolate and sequence single cells and to cultivate three different species-level lineages of human oral Saccharibacteria (TM7). Using our pure cultures, we show that all three Saccharibacteria species are epibionts of diverse Actinobacteria. We also isolate and cultivate human oral SR1 bacteria, which are members of a lineage of previously uncultured bacteria. Reverse-genomics-enabled cultivation of microorganisms can be applied to any species from any environment and has the potential to unlock the isolation, cultivation and characterization of species from as-yet-uncultured branches of the microbial tree of life. 

DOI: 10.1038/s41587-019-0260-6

Source:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-019-0260-6

期刊信息

Nature Biotechnology:《自然—生物技术》,创刊于1996年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:31.864
官方网址:https://www.nature.com/nbt/
投稿链接:https://mts-nbt.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex